Numbers 13King James Version
Twelve spies are sent into the land of Canaan, one from each tribe. They go for forty days. They come back with grapes so heavy they have to be carried on a pole between two men. Ten of them say the people of the land are giants and the cities are walled to heaven. Two of them, Caleb and Joshua, say they should go up at once. The ten win.
God tells Moses to send one man from each tribe to scout the land of Canaan. They travel for forty days, reaching as far as Hebron and the Eshcol valley, and return with grapes and pomegranates. Ten of the twelve report that the land is good but the inhabitants are giants and the cities are fortified; they feel like grasshoppers by comparison. Only Caleb and Joshua urge the people to go up.
The same evidence produces two different reports: faith sees the land God promised, and fear sees only the obstacles.
30: "And Caleb stilled the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it." One voice against ten, and history remembers which one was right.
The wilderness of Paran, southern Negev, circa 1446 BC. The scouts travel north through the full length of Canaan, from the southern desert to the region near Hamath in the north. They return with physical evidence of the land's fertility and physical evidence of its military strength. The two facts coexist. What they mean is a matter of interpretation.
Moses and Aaron, who dispatch the scouts; Caleb of Judah and Joshua of Ephraim, the two faithful spies; the ten unfaithful scouts including Shammua, Shaphat, Igal, Palti, Gaddiel, Gaddi, Ammiel, Sethur, Nahbi, and Geuel; Anak, named as a giant whose descendants inhabit the land.
This chapter is the hinge of Numbers. Everything before it is preparation; everything after it is consequence. The scouts' forty-day journey becomes the template for the forty years that follow. The majority report wins in the short term. Caleb and Joshua survive to see why it was wrong.
For when you are standing at the edge of something good and all you can see is how big the obstacles are. The grasshopper comparison is not humility; the text calls it a bad report.
1And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
2Send thou men, that they may search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel: of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them.
3And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were heads of the children of Israel.
4And these were their names: of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the son of Zaccur.
5Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the son of Hori.
6Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.
7Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal the son of Joseph.
8Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea the son of Nun.
9Of the tribe of Benjamin, Palti the son of Raphu.
10Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel the son of Sodi.
11Of the tribe of Joseph, namely, of the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi the son of Susi.
12Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of Gemalli.
13Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the son of Michael.
14Of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi the son of Vophsi.
15Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the son of Machi.
16These are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua.
17And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan, and said unto them, Get you up this way southward, and go up into the mountain:
18And see the land, what it is; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be strong or weak, few or many;
19And what the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad; and what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong holds;
20And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the firstripe grapes.
21So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.
22And they ascended by the south, and came unto Hebron; where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak, were. (Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.)
23And they came unto the brook of Eshcol, and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they bare it between two upon a staff; and they brought of the pomegranates, and of the figs.
24The place was called the brook Eshcol, because of the cluster of grapes which the children of Israel cut down from thence.
25And they returned from searching of the land after forty days.
26And they went and came to Moses, and to Aaron, and to all the congregation of the children of Israel, unto the wilderness of Paran, to Kadesh; and brought back word unto them, and unto all the congregation, and shewed them the fruit of the land.
27And they told him, and said, We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey; and this is the fruit of it.
28Nevertheless the people be strong that dwell in the land, and the cities are walled, and very great: and moreover we saw the children of Anak there.
29The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan.
30And Caleb stilled the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it.
31But the men that went up with him said, We be not able to go up against the people; for they are stronger than we.
32And they brought up an evil report of the land which they had searched unto the children of Israel, saying, The land, through which we have gone to search it, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of a great stature.
33And there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.