Daniel 7King James Version
Daniel's vision of four beasts rising from the sea: a lion with eagle's wings, a bear, a leopard with four heads, and a terrible fourth beast with iron teeth. Then the Ancient of Days is seated, his garment white as snow, his throne a fiery flame. 'I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven.' He is given dominion that shall not pass away.
Daniel has a night vision of four great beasts rising from a stormy sea: a lion, a bear, a leopard, and a terrifying fourth beast with iron teeth. A little horn rises among ten horns and speaks arrogantly. Then the Ancient of Days sits in blazing judgment, the fourth beast is slain, and one like a Son of Man comes on clouds and receives eternal dominion from the Ancient of Days. Daniel asks an attendant the meaning and is told the four beasts are four kingdoms, and the saints of the Most High will ultimately receive the kingdom.
History's empires are beasts that rise and terrorize, but they are watched, judged, and replaced by a kingdom given to a figure who is both human and more than human.
13: "I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of Man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him." Jesus quotes this verse at his trial. No other verse in Daniel lands harder in the New Testament.
The vision is dated to the first year of Belshazzar, around 553 BC, placing it chronologically before chapters 5 and 6 though it appears after them in the book. The book shifts here from Aramaic back toward Hebrew, from third-person court tale to first-person vision. The genre shifts too: what was history-as-narrative becomes history-as-symbol, and the angle of view moves from the courtroom to the throne room of heaven.
Daniel, now narrating his own visions in first person; the Ancient of Days, white-haired and enthroned in fire; the Son of Man, who approaches the throne and receives eternal dominion; the four beasts representing successive world empires; the little horn, arrogant and at war with the saints.
Chapter 7 is the theological pivot of the book, where court narrative becomes apocalyptic vision. The Son of Man figure became central to Jewish messianic expectation and to Jesus's own self-description. The vision of the Ancient of Days enthroned in fire is one of the most influential throne-room scenes in all of scripture, shaping Revelation and centuries of liturgy.
For when world events feel like they are being run by powers that answer to nothing. Daniel is disturbed and troubled after this vision. The right response to seeing what history actually is may be exactly that.
1In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon Daniel had a dream and visions of his head upon his bed: then he wrote the dream, and told the sum of the matters.
2Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and, behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea.
3And four great beasts came up from the sea, diverse one from another.
4The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings: I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked, and it was lifted up from the earth, and made stand upon the feet as a man, and a man's heart was given to it.
5And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
6After this I beheld, and lo another, like a leopard, which had upon the back of it four wings of a fowl; the beast had also four heads; and dominion was given to it.
7After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns.
8I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things.
9I beheld till the thrones were cast down, and the Ancient of days did sit, whose garment was white as snow, and the hair of his head like the pure wool: his throne was like the fiery flame, and his wheels as burning fire.
10A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
11I beheld then because of the voice of the great words which the horn spake: I beheld even till the beast was slain, and his body destroyed, and given to the burning flame.
12As concerning the rest of the beasts, they had their dominion taken away: yet their lives were prolonged for a season and time.
13I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.
14And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.
15I Daniel was grieved in my spirit in the midst of my body, and the visions of my head troubled me.
16I came near unto one of them that stood by, and asked him the truth of all this. So he told me, and made me know the interpretation of the things.
17These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth.
18But the saints of the most High shall take the kingdom, and possess the kingdom for ever, even for ever and ever.
19Then I would know the truth of the fourth beast, which was diverse from all the others, exceeding dreadful, whose teeth were of iron, and his nails of brass; which devoured, brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with his feet;
20And of the ten horns that were in his head, and of the other which came up, and before whom three fell; even of that horn that had eyes, and a mouth that spake very great things, whose look was more stout than his fellows.
21I beheld, and the same horn made war with the saints, and prevailed against them;
22Until the Ancient of days came, and judgment was given to the saints of the most High; and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom.
23Thus he said, The fourth beast shall be the fourth kingdom upon earth, which shall be diverse from all kingdoms, and shall devour the whole earth, and shall tread it down, and break it in pieces.
24And the ten horns out of this kingdom are ten kings that shall arise: and another shall rise after them; and he shall be diverse from the first, and he shall subdue three kings.
25And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.
26But the judgment shall sit, and they shall take away his dominion, to consume and to destroy it unto the end.
27And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of the saints of the most High, whose kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey him.
28Hitherto is the end of the matter. As for me Daniel, my cogitations much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me: but I kept the matter in my heart.